Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Blood Pressure Reduction in Diet-Induced Obese Hypertensive Rats: A Potential Role of Prouroguanylin

doi: 10.3390/nu17223581

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in the expression of proUGN, NHE3 and pS552-NHE3 after SG. Changes in proUGN protein expression in the ileum (SG vs. FS: MD, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.01 to 1.31; p = 0.046; SG vs. PF: MD, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.37; p = 0.028) ( A ) and plasma (SG vs. FS: MD, 2.79 pg/mL; 95% CI, 0.36 to 5.23; p = 0.021; SG vs. PF: MD, 2.66 pg/mL; 95% CI, 0.22 to 5.10; p = 0.029) ( B ), NHE3 ( C ) and pS552-NHE3 (SG vs. C: MD, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.18; p < 0.001; SG vs. FS: MD, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.19 to 1.01; p = 0.003; SG vs. PF: MD, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.047 to 0.88; p = 0.026) ( D ) protein expression in the renal cortex, and the relative expression of pS552-NHE3 to NHE3 (SG vs. C: MD, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.31 to 1.50; p = 0.020; SG vs. FS: MD, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.23 to 1.42; p = 0.005; SG vs. PF: MD, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.04 to 1.24; p = 0.033) ( E ) after SG. Data are mean values ± SEM. * p < 0.05. C, rats fed a standard diet and subjected to a sham-op; FS, rats fed a high-fat and high-salt diet and subjected to a sham-op; SG, rats fed a high-fat and high-salt diet and subjected to sleeve gastrectomy; PF, rats fed the same amount of a high-fat and high-salt diet as the SG group and subjected to a sham-op; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; NHE3, sodium/hydrogen ion exchanger type 3; proUGN, prouroguanylin; pS552-NHE3, NHE3 phosphorylated at Ser552.

Article Snippet: To stain for pS552-NHE3, 2 μm-thick kidney sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with a mouse anti-rat pS552-NHE3 antibody (diluted 1:300; Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Clinical Proteomics

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Blood Pressure Reduction in Diet-Induced Obese Hypertensive Rats: A Potential Role of Prouroguanylin

doi: 10.3390/nu17223581

Figure Lengend Snippet: pS552-NHE3 immunostaining of the renal cortex after SG. Histology showed glomerular hypertrophy in the FS group compared with the C group, but no marked differences between the SG and PF groups. pS552-NHE3 expression in the proximal tubules of the SG group was higher than that in all other groups.

Article Snippet: To stain for pS552-NHE3, 2 μm-thick kidney sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with a mouse anti-rat pS552-NHE3 antibody (diluted 1:300; Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA).

Techniques: Immunostaining, Expressing

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Blood Pressure Reduction in Diet-Induced Obese Hypertensive Rats: A Potential Role of Prouroguanylin

doi: 10.3390/nu17223581

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in parameters after the administration of UGN. Changes in systolic blood pressure on day 7 (UGN vs. C on day 1: MD, −7.7 mmHg; 95% CI, −13.0 to −2.4; p = 0.008; on day 7: MD, −7.0 mmHg; 95% CI, −11.2 to −2.8; p = 0.004) ( A ), urinary sodium excretion on day 7 (UGN vs. C on day 1: MD, 0.14 mmol/6 h; 95% CI, 0.014 to 0.26; p = 0.032; on day 7: MD, 0.21 mmol/6 h; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.34; p = 0.005) ( B ), NHE3 ( C ) and pS552-NHE3 (UGN vs. C: MD, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.87; p = 0.002) ( D ) protein expression in the renal cortex, and the relative expression of pS552-NHE3 to NHE3 (UGN vs. C: MD, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.09 to 1.31; p = 0.027) ( E ). Data are mean values ± SEM. * p < 0.05. C, rats administered saline solution; UGN, rats administered uroguanylin solution; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; NHE3, sodium/hydrogen ion exchanger type 3; proUGN, prouroguanylin; pS552-NHE3, NHE3 phosphorylated at Ser552.

Article Snippet: To stain for pS552-NHE3, 2 μm-thick kidney sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with a mouse anti-rat pS552-NHE3 antibody (diluted 1:300; Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Saline

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Blood Pressure Reduction in Diet-Induced Obese Hypertensive Rats: A Potential Role of Prouroguanylin

doi: 10.3390/nu17223581

Figure Lengend Snippet: pS552-NHE3 immunostaining of the renal cortex after the administration of UGN. The expression of pS552-NHE3 in the C and UGN groups. pS552-NHE3 expression in the proximal tubules was higher in the UGN group than in the C group.

Article Snippet: To stain for pS552-NHE3, 2 μm-thick kidney sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with a mouse anti-rat pS552-NHE3 antibody (diluted 1:300; Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA).

Techniques: Immunostaining, Expressing

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Blood Pressure Reduction in Diet-Induced Obese Hypertensive Rats: A Potential Role of Prouroguanylin

doi: 10.3390/nu17223581

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism of blood pressure reduction following SG. SG increased proUGN secretion from the small intestine, increasing its circulating concentration. The enhanced proUGN increased pS552-NHE3 in proximal tubules, promoted natriuresis, and lowered blood pressure. BW, body weight; proUGN, prouroguanylin; pS552-NHE3, NHE3 phosphorylated at Ser552; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SG, sleeve gastrectomy.

Article Snippet: To stain for pS552-NHE3, 2 μm-thick kidney sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with a mouse anti-rat pS552-NHE3 antibody (diluted 1:300; Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA).

Techniques: Concentration Assay